Warner Greene, MD, PhD

PROF-FY
Medicine
+1 415 734-4805

Warner C. Greene, MD, PhD is Director of the Gladstone Center for HIV Cure Research, Senior Investigator, and Nick and Sue Hellmann Distinguished Professor of Translational Medicine at the Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology (GIVI). He is the Founding and Emeritus Director of GIVI. Dr. Greene is also Professor of Medicine, Microbiology and of Immunology at UCSF. Dr. Greene is a member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies and a fellow of the American Academy for the Advancement of Science. He also serves as Co-Director of the UCSF-Gladstone Center for AIDS Research, and has served as a Councilor and President of the Association of American Physicians. Dr. Greene earned a bachelor’s degree at Stanford University and an MD/PhD at Washington University School of Medicine. He took his internship and residency training in Medicine at the Massachusetts General Hospital at Harvard. After serving as a Senior Investigator at the National Cancer Institute and a Professor of Medicine and Howard Hughes Investigator at Duke University Medical Center, Dr. Greene accepted his current position as the Founding Director of the Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology in 1991. The ongoing research in Dr. Greene’s laboratory focuses on the molecular mechanisms underlying HIV pathogenesis, latency, and transmission. He is the author of more than 380 scientific papers and has been recognized as one of the 100 Most Cited Scientists in the world. In 2007, Dr. Greene expanded his work to include global health in sub-Saharan Africa in his service as president and executive chairman of the Accordia Global Health Foundation. Accordia established the Infectious Diseases Institute at Makerere University in Uganda, which has trained thousands of African health care workers, is caring for 30,000 HIV-infected patients, and has brought health care to nearly 500,000 people living in remote rural regions of Uganda. In 2016, Accordia merged with Africare.

Publications: 

Neuropilin-1 Mediates SARS-CoV-2 Infection of Astrocytes in Brain Organoids, Inducing Inflammation Leading to Dysfunction and Death of Neurons.

mBio

Kong W, Montano M, Corley MJ, Helmy E, Kobayashi H, Kinisu M, Suryawanshi R, Luo X, Royer LA, Roan NR, Ott M, Ndhlovu LC, Greene WC

SARS-CoV-2 can infect human embryos.

Scientific reports

Montano M, Victor AR, Griffin DK, Duong T, Bolduc N, Farmer A, Garg V, Hadjantonakis AK, Coates A, Barnes FL, Zouves CG, Greene WC, Viotti M

CCL2: a Chemokine Potentially Promoting Early Seeding of the Latent HIV Reservoir.

mBio

Packard TA, Schwarzer R, Herzig E, Rao D, Luo X, Egedal JH, Hsiao F, Widera M, Hultquist JF, Grimmett ZW, Messer RJ, Krogan NJ, Deeks SG, Roan NR, Dittmer U, Hasenkrug KJ, Greene WC

Female Genital Fibroblasts Diminish the In Vitro Efficacy of PrEP against HIV.

Viruses

George AF, McGregor M, Gingrich D, Neidleman J, Marquez RS, Young KC, Thanigaivelan KL, Greene WC, Tien PC, Deitchman AN, Spitzer TL, Roan NR

Infectious Diseases Institute at Makerere University College of Health Sciences: a case study of a sustainable capacity building model for health care, research and training.

African health sciences

Nakanjako D, Castelnuovo B, Sewankambo N, Kakaire T, Brough RL, Katabira ET, Thomas DL, Quinn TC, Colebunders R, Greene WC, Ronald AR, Coutinho A, McAdam K, Serwadda D, Wabwire-Mangen F, Katongole-Mbidde E, Musoke P, Joloba M, McKinnell H, Kamya M, Mayanja-Kizza H, Manabe YC, Kambugu A

Evaluation of transplacental transfer of mRNA vaccine products and functional antibodies during pregnancy and infancy.

Nature communications

Prahl M, Golan Y, Cassidy AG, Matsui Y, Li L, Alvarenga B, Chen H, Jigmeddagva U, Lin CY, Gonzalez VJ, Chidboy MA, Warrier L, Buarpung S, Murtha AP, Flaherman VJ, Greene WC, Wu AHB, Lynch KL, Rajan J, Gaw SL

Neutralizing antibody activity against SARS-CoV-2 variants in gestational age-matched mother-infant dyads after infection or vaccination.

JCI insight

Matsui Y, Li L, Prahl M, Cassidy AG, Ozarslan N, Golan Y, Gonzalez VJ, Lin CY, Jigmeddagva U, Chidboy MA, Montano M, Taha TY, Khalid MM, Sreekumar B, Hayashi JM, Chen PY, Kumar GR, Warrier L, Wu AH, Song D, Jegatheesan P, Rai DS, Govindaswami B, Needens JM, Rincon M, Myatt L, Asiodu IV, Flaherman VJ, Afshar Y, Jacoby VL, Murtha AP, Robinson JF, Ott M, Greene WC, Gaw SL

Subsets of Tissue CD4 T Cells Display Different Susceptibilities to HIV Infection and Death: Analysis by CyTOF and Single Cell RNA-seq.

Frontiers in immunology

Luo X, Frouard J, Zhang G, Neidleman J, Xie G, Sheedy E, Roan NR, Greene WC

Limited cross-variant immunity from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron without vaccination.

Nature

Suryawanshi RK, Chen IP, Ma T, Syed AM, Brazer N, Saldhi P, Simoneau CR, Ciling A, Khalid MM, Sreekumar B, Chen PY, Kumar GR, Montano M, Gascon R, Tsou CL, Garcia-Knight MA, Sotomayor-Gonzalez A, Servellita V, Gliwa A, Nguyen J, Silva I, Milbes B, Kojima N, Hess V, Shacreaw M, Lopez L, Brobeck M, Turner F, Soveg FW, George AF, Fang X, Maishan M, Matthay M, Morris MK, Wadford D, Hanson C, Greene WC, Andino R, Spraggon L, Roan NR, Chiu CY, Doudna JA, Ott M

Limited cross-variant immunity after infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant without vaccination.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

Suryawanshi RK, Chen IP, Ma T, Syed AM, Simoneau CR, Ciling A, Khalid MM, Sreekumar B, Chen PY, George AF, Kumar GR, Montano M, Garcia-Knight MA, Brazer N, Saldhi P, Sotomayor-Gonzalez A, Servellita V, Gliwa A, Nguyen J, Silva I, Milbes B, Kojima N, Hess V, Shacreaw M, Lopez L, Brobeck M, Turner F, Soveg FW, Fang X, Maishan M, Matthay M, Morris MK, Wadford D, Hanson C, Greene WC, Andino R, Spraggon L, Roan NR, Chiu CY, Doudna J, Ott M

Deep Phenotypic Analysis of Blood and Lymphoid T and NK Cells From HIV+ Controllers and ART-Suppressed Individuals.

Frontiers in immunology

George AF, Luo X, Neidleman J, Hoh R, Vohra P, Thomas R, Shin MG, Lee MJ, Blish CA, Deeks SG, Greene WC, Lee SA, Roan NR

Evaluation of transplacental transfer of mRNA vaccine products and functional antibodies during pregnancy and early infancy.

Research square

Prahl M, Golan Y, Cassidy A, Matsui Y, Li L, Alvarenga B, Chen H, Jigmeddagva U, Lin C, Gonzalez V, Chidboy M, Warrier L, Buarpung S, Murtha A, Flaherman V, Greene W, Wu A, Lynch K, Rajan J, Gaw S

Evaluation of transplacental transfer of mRNA vaccine products and functional antibodies during pregnancy and early infancy.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

Prahl M, Golan Y, Cassidy AG, Matsui Y, Li L, Alvarenga B, Chen H, Jigmeddagva U, Lin CY, Gonzalez VJ, Chidboy MA, Warrier L, Buarpung S, Murtha AP, Flaherman VJ, Greene WC, Wu AHB, Lynch KL, Rajan J, Gaw SL

Cell-Extrinsic Priming Increases Permissiveness of CD4+ T Cells to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection by Increasing C-C Chemokine Receptor Type 5 Co-receptor Expression and Cellular Activation Status.

Frontiers in microbiology

Pedersen JG, Egedal JH, Packard TA, Thavachelvam K, Xie G, van der Sluis RM, Greene WC, Roan NR, Jakobsen MR

SARS-CoV-2 spike protein induces abnormal inflammatory blood clots neutralized by fibrin immunotherapy.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

Ryu JK, Sozmen EG, Dixit K, Montano M, Matsui Y, Liu Y, Helmy E, Deerinck TJ, Yan Z, Schuck R, Acevedo RM, Spencer CM, Thomas R, Pico AR, Zamvil SS, Lynch KL, Ellisman MH, Greene WC, Akassoglou K

mRNA vaccine-induced SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells recognize B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants but differ in longevity and homing properties depending on prior infection status.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

Neidleman J, Luo X, McGregor M, Xie G, Murray V, Greene WC, Lee SA, Roan NR

Distinctive features of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells predict recovery from severe COVID-19.

Cell reports

Neidleman J, Luo X, George AF, McGregor M, Yang J, Yun C, Murray V, Gill G, Greene WC, Vasquez J, Lee SA, Ghosn E, Lynch KL, Roan NR

Hyaluronic acid is a negative regulator of mucosal fibroblast-mediated enhancement of HIV infection.

Mucosal immunology

Egedal JH, Xie G, Packard TA, Laustsen A, Neidleman J, Georgiou K, Pillai SK, Greene WC, Jakobsen MR, Roan NR

Characterization of HIV-induced remodeling reveals differences in infection susceptibility of memory CD4+ T cell subsets in vivo.

Cell reports

Xie G, Luo X, Ma T, Frouard J, Neidleman J, Hoh R, Deeks SG, Greene WC, Roan NR

Distinctive features of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells predict recovery from severe COVID-19.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

Neidleman J, Luo X, George AF, McGregor M, Yang J, Yun C, Murray V, Gill G, Greene WC, Vasquez J, Lee S, Ghosn E, Lynch K, Roan NR

Evaluating a New Class of AKT/mTOR Activators for HIV Latency Reversing Activity Ex Vivo and In Vivo.

Journal of virology

Gramatica A, Schwarzer R, Brantley W, Varco-Merth B, Sperber HS, Hull PA, Montano M, Migueles SA, Rosenthal D, Hogan LE, Johnson JR, Packard TA, Grimmett ZW, Herzig E, Besnard E, Nekorchuk M, Hsiao F, Deeks SG, Snape M, Kiernan B, Roan NR, Lifson JD, Estes JD, Picker LJ, Verdin E, Krogan NJ, Henrich TJ, Connors M, Ott M, Pillai SK, Okoye AA, Greene WC

Human splice factors contribute to latent HIV infection in primary cell models and blood CD4+ T cells from ART-treated individuals.

PLoS pathogens

Moron-Lopez S, Telwatte S, Sarabia I, Battivelli E, Montano M, Macedo AB, Aran D, Butte AJ, Jones RB, Bosque A, Verdin E, Greene WC, Wong JK, Yukl SA

Phenotypic analysis of the unstimulated in vivo HIV CD4 T cell reservoir.

eLife

Neidleman J, Luo X, Frouard J, Xie G, Hsiao F, Ma T, Morcilla V, Lee A, Telwatte S, Thomas R, Tamaki W, Wheeler B, Hoh R, Somsouk M, Vohra P, Milush J, James KS, Archin NM, Hunt PW, Deeks SG, Yukl SA, Palmer S, Greene WC, Roan NR

SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells exhibit phenotypic features of robust helper function, lack of terminal differentiation, and high proliferative potential.

Cell reports. Medicine

Neidleman J, Luo X, Frouard J, Xie G, Gill G, Stein ES, McGregor M, Ma T, George AF, Kosters A, Greene WC, Vasquez J, Ghosn E, Lee S, Roan NR

SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells exhibit unique features characterized by robust helper function, lack of terminal differentiation, and high proliferative potential.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

Neidleman J, Luo X, Frouard J, Xie G, Gurjot G, Stein ES, McGregor M, Ma T, George AF, Kosters A, Greene WC, Vasquez J, Ghosn E, Lee S, Roan NR

HIV efficiently infects T cells from the endometrium and remodels them to promote systemic viral spread.

eLife

Ma T, Luo X, George AF, Mukherjee G, Sen N, Spitzer TL, Giudice LC, Greene WC, Roan NR

Tissue memory CD4+ T cells expressing IL-7 receptor-alpha (CD127) preferentially support latent HIV-1 infection.

PLoS pathogens

Hsiao F, Frouard J, Gramatica A, Xie G, Telwatte S, Lee GQ, Roychoudhury P, Schwarzer R, Luo X, Yukl SA, Lee S, Hoh R, Deeks SG, Jones RB, Cavrois M, Greene WC, Roan NR

Seminal plasma promotes decidualization of endometrial stromal fibroblasts in vitro from women with and without inflammatory disorders in a manner dependent on interleukin-11 signaling.

Human reproduction (Oxford, England)

George AF, Jang KS, Nyegaard M, Neidleman J, Spitzer TL, Xie G, Chen JC, Herzig E, Laustsen A, Marques de Menezes EG, Houshdaran S, Pilcher CD, Norris PJ, Jakobsen MR, Greene WC, Giudice LC, Roan NR

HIV-2 depletes CD4 T cells through pyroptosis despite Vpx-dependent degradation of SAMHD1.

Journal of virology

Luo X, Herzig E, Doitsh G, Grimmett ZW, Muñoz-Arias I, Greene WC

Heterogeneity in HIV and cellular transcription profiles in cell line models of latent and productive infection: implications for HIV latency.

Retrovirology

Telwatte S, Morón-López S, Aran D, Kim P, Hsieh C, Joshi S, Montano M, Greene WC, Butte AJ, Wong JK, Yukl SA

Attacking Latent HIV with convertibleCAR-T Cells, a Highly Adaptable Killing Platform.

Cell

Herzig E, Kim KC, Packard TA, Vardi N, Schwarzer R, Gramatica A, Deeks SG, Williams SR, Landgraf K, Killeen N, Martin DW, Weinberger LS, Greene WC

Tissue microenvironment initiates an immune response to structural components of Staphylococcus aureus.

Experimental dermatology

Mainzer C, Packard T, Bordes S, Closs B, Greene WC, Elias PM, Uchida Y

Distinct mechanisms regulate IL1B gene transcription in lymphoid CD4 T cells and monocytes.

Cytokine

Pulugulla SH, Packard TA, Galloway NLK, Grimmett ZW, Doitsh G, Adamik J, Galson DL, Greene WC, Auron PE

Potent and rapid activation of tropomyosin-receptor kinase A in endometrial stromal fibroblasts by seminal plasma.

Biology of reproduction

Martin JW, Chen JC, Neidleman J, Tatsumi K, Hu J, Giudice LC, Greene WC, Roan NR

Distinct chromatin functional states correlate with HIV latency reactivation in infected primary CD4+ T cells.

eLife

Battivelli E, Dahabieh MS, Abdel-Mohsen M, Svensson JP, Tojal Da Silva I, Cohn LB, Gramatica A, Deeks S, Greene WC, Pillai SK, Verdin E

Mass Cytometric Analysis of HIV Entry, Replication, and Remodeling in Tissue CD4+ T Cells.

Cell reports

Cavrois M, Banerjee T, Mukherjee G, Raman N, Hussien R, Rodriguez BA, Vasquez J, Spitzer MH, Lazarus NH, Jones JJ, Ochsenbauer C, McCune JM, Butcher EC, Arvin AM, Sen N, Greene WC, Roan NR

Semen amyloids participate in spermatozoa selection and clearance.

eLife

Roan NR, Sandi-Monroy N, Kohgadai N, Usmani SM, Hamil KG, Neidleman J, Montano M, Ständker L, Röcker A, Cavrois M, Rosen J, Marson K, Smith JF, Pilcher CD, Gagsteiger F, Sakk O, O'Rand M, Lishko PV, Kirchhoff F, Münch J, Greene WC

SMYD2-Mediated Histone Methylation Contributes to HIV-1 Latency.

Cell host & microbe

Boehm D, Jeng M, Camus G, Gramatica A, Schwarzer R, Johnson JR, Hull PA, Montano M, Sakane N, Pagans S, Godin R, Deeks SG, Krogan NJ, Greene WC, Ott M

Corrigendum: Cell death by pyroptosis drives CD4 T-cell depletion in HIV-1 infection.

Nature

Doitsh G, Galloway NL, Geng X, Yang Z, Monroe KM, Zepeda O, Hunt PW, Hatano H, Sowinski S, Muñoz-Arias I, Greene WC

Mucosal stromal fibroblasts markedly enhance HIV infection of CD4+ T cells.

PLoS pathogens

Neidleman JA, Chen JC, Kohgadai N, Müller JA, Laustsen A, Thavachelvam K, Jang KS, Stürzel CM, Jones JJ, Ochsenbauer C, Chitre A, Somsouk M, Garcia MM, Smith JF, Greenblatt RM, Münch J, Jakobsen MR, Giudice LC, Greene WC, Roan NR

The mTOR Complex Controls HIV Latency.

Cell host & microbe

Besnard E, Hakre S, Kampmann M, Lim HW, Hosmane NN, Martin A, Bassik MC, Verschueren E, Battivelli E, Chan J, Svensson JP, Gramatica A, Conrad RJ, Ott M, Greene WC, Krogan NJ, Siliciano RF, Weissman JS, Verdin E

Stimulating the RIG-I pathway to kill cells in the latent HIV reservoir following viral reactivation.

Nature medicine

Li P, Kaiser P, Lampiris HW, Kim P, Yukl SA, Havlir DV, Greene WC, Wong JK

Gallic Acid Is an Antagonist of Semen Amyloid Fibrils That Enhance HIV-1 Infection.

The Journal of biological chemistry

LoRicco JG, Xu CS, Neidleman J, Bergkvist M, Greene WC, Roan NR, Makhatadze GI

Dissecting How CD4 T Cells Are Lost During HIV Infection.

Cell host & microbe

Doitsh G, Greene WC

Blood-Derived CD4 T Cells Naturally Resist Pyroptosis during Abortive HIV-1 Infection.

Cell host & microbe

Muñoz-Arias I, Doitsh G, Yang Z, Sowinski S, Ruelas D, Greene WC

Cell-to-Cell Transmission of HIV-1 Is Required to Trigger Pyroptotic Death of Lymphoid-Tissue-Derived CD4 T Cells.

Cell reports

Galloway NL, Doitsh G, Monroe KM, Yang Z, Muñoz-Arias I, Levy DN, Greene WC

MicroRNA-155 Reinforces HIV Latency.

The Journal of biological chemistry

Ruelas DS, Chan JK, Oh E, Heidersbach AJ, Hebbeler AM, Chavez L, Verdin E, Rape M, Greene WC

Semen enhances HIV infectivity and impairs the antiviral efficacy of microbicides.

Science translational medicine

Zirafi O, Kim KA, Roan NR, Kluge SF, Müller JA, Jiang S, Mayer B, Greene WC, Kirchhoff F, Münch J

HIV-1 Fusion Assay.

Bio-protocol

Cavrois M, Neidleman J, Greene WC

A new activity for SAMHD1 in HIV restriction.

Nature medicine

Yang Z, Greene WC

Liquefaction of semen generates and later degrades a conserved semenogelin peptide that enhances HIV infection.

Journal of virology

Roan NR, Liu H, Usmani SM, Neidleman J, Müller JA, Avila-Herrera A, Gawanbacht A, Zirafi O, Chu S, Dong M, Kumar ST, Smith JF, Pollard KS, Fändrich M, Kirchhoff F, Münch J, Witkowska HE, Greene WC

Interaction of fibronectin with semen amyloids synergistically enhances HIV infection.

The Journal of infectious diseases

Roan NR, Chu S, Liu H, Neidleman J, Witkowska HE, Greene WC

Direct visualization of HIV-enhancing endogenous amyloid fibrils in human semen.

Nature communications

Usmani SM, Zirafi O, Müller JA, Sandi-Monroy NL, Yadav JK, Meier C, Weil T, Roan NR, Greene WC, Walther P, Nilsson KP, Hammarström P, Wetzel R, Pilcher CD, Gagsteiger F, Fändrich M, Kirchhoff F, Münch J

Seminal plasma induces global transcriptomic changes associated with cell migration, proliferation and viability in endometrial epithelial cells and stromal fibroblasts.

Human reproduction (Oxford, England)

Chen JC, Johnson BA, Erikson DW, Piltonen TT, Barragan F, Chu S, Kohgadai N, Irwin JC, Greene WC, Giudice LC, Roan NR

Cell death by pyroptosis drives CD4 T-cell depletion in HIV-1 infection.

Nature

Doitsh G, Galloway NL, Geng X, Yang Z, Monroe KM, Zepeda O, Hunt PW, Hatano H, Sowinski S, Muñoz-Arias I, Greene WC

An in-depth comparison of latent HIV-1 reactivation in multiple cell model systems and resting CD4+ T cells from aviremic patients.

PLoS pathogens

Spina CA, Anderson J, Archin NM, Bosque A, Chan J, Famiglietti M, Greene WC, Kashuba A, Lewin SR, Margolis DM, Mau M, Ruelas D, Saleh S, Shirakawa K, Siliciano RF, Singhania A, Soto PC, Terry VH, Verdin E, Woelk C, Wooden S, Xing S, Planelles V

IFI16 DNA sensor is required for death of lymphoid CD4 T cells abortively infected with HIV.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

Monroe KM, Yang Z, Johnson JR, Geng X, Doitsh G, Krogan NJ, Greene WC

Enhanced fusion and virion incorporation for HIV-1 subtype C envelope glycoproteins with compact V1/V2 domains.

Journal of virology

Cavrois M, Neidleman J, Santiago ML, Derdeyn CA, Hunter E, Greene WC

Solutions to global health challenges: no more Band-Aids.

The Journal of clinical investigation

Greene WC

Calcium/calcineurin synergizes with prostratin to promote NF-?B dependent activation of latent HIV.

PloS one

Chan JK, Bhattacharyya D, Lassen KG, Ruelas D, Greene WC

An integrated overview of HIV-1 latency.

Cell

Ruelas DS, Greene WC

Lipid droplet-binding protein TIP47 regulates hepatitis C Virus RNA replication through interaction with the viral NS5A protein.

PLoS pathogens

Vogt DA, Camus G, Herker E, Webster BR, Tsou CL, Greene WC, Yen TS, Ott M

Rapid intracellular competition between hepatitis C viral genomes as a result of mitosis.

Journal of virology

Webster B, Wissing S, Herker E, Ott M, Greene WC

[Role of semen-derived amyloid fibrils as facilitators of HIV infection].

Medecine sciences : M/S

Roan NR, Cavrois M, Greene WC

Role of retroviral restriction factors in the interferon-a-mediated suppression of HIV-1 in vivo.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Pillai SK, Abdel-Mohsen M, Guatelli J, Skasko M, Monto A, Fujimoto K, Yukl S, Greene WC, Kovari H, Rauch A, Fellay J, Battegay M, Hirschel B, Witteck A, Bernasconi E, Ledergerber B, Günthard HF, Wong JK

A flexible model of HIV-1 latency permitting evaluation of many primary CD4 T-cell reservoirs.

PloS one

Lassen KG, Hebbeler AM, Bhattacharyya D, Lobritz MA, Greene WC

Differential transmission of HIV traversing fetal oral/intestinal epithelia and adult oral epithelia.

Journal of virology

Tugizov SM, Herrera R, Veluppillai P, Greenspan D, Soros V, Greene WC, Levy JA, Palefsky JM

Peptides released by physiological cleavage of semen coagulum proteins form amyloids that enhance HIV infection.

Cell host & microbe

Roan NR, Müller JA, Liu H, Chu S, Arnold F, Stürzel CM, Walther P, Dong M, Witkowska HE, Kirchhoff F, Münch J, Greene WC

Naturally occurring fragments from two distinct regions of the prostatic acid phosphatase form amyloidogenic enhancers of HIV infection.

Journal of virology

Arnold F, Schnell J, Zirafi O, Stürzel C, Meier C, Weil T, Ständker L, Forssmann WG, Roan NR, Greene WC, Kirchhoff F, Münch J

Reprogramming somatic cells into iPS cells activates LINE-1 retroelement mobility.

Human molecular genetics

Wissing S, Muñoz-Lopez M, Macia A, Yang Z, Montano M, Collins W, Garcia-Perez JL, Moran JV, Greene WC

Noninfectious retrovirus particles drive the APOBEC3/Rfv3 dependent neutralizing antibody response.

PLoS pathogens

Smith DS, Guo K, Barrett BS, Heilman KJ, Evans LH, Hasenkrug KJ, Greene WC, Santiago ML

HIV latency.

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine

Siliciano RF, Greene WC

Endogenous APOBEC3B restricts LINE-1 retrotransposition in transformed cells and human embryonic stem cells.

The Journal of biological chemistry

Wissing S, Montano M, Garcia-Perez JL, Moran JV, Greene WC

Activation of HIV transcription by the viral Tat protein requires a demethylation step mediated by lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1/KDM1).

PLoS pathogens

Sakane N, Kwon HS, Pagans S, Kaehlcke K, Mizusawa Y, Kamada M, Lassen KG, Chan J, Greene WC, Schnoelzer M, Ott M

NF-?B/Rel: agonist and antagonist roles in HIV-1 latency.

Current opinion in HIV and AIDS

Chan JK, Greene WC

Abortive HIV infection mediates CD4 T cell depletion and inflammation in human lymphoid tissue.

Cell

Doitsh G, Cavrois M, Lassen KG, Zepeda O, Yang Z, Santiago ML, Hebbeler AM, Greene WC

HIV is inactivated after transepithelial migration via adult oral epithelial cells but not fetal epithelial cells.

Virology

Tugizov SM, Herrera R, Veluppillai P, Greenspan D, Soros V, Greene WC, Levy JA, Palefsky JM

Persistent Friend virus replication and disease in Apobec3-deficient mice expressing functional B-cell-activating factor receptor.

Journal of virology

Santiago ML, Smith DS, Barrett BS, Montano M, Benitez RL, Pelanda R, Hasenkrug KJ, Greene WC

Identification of two APOBEC3F splice variants displaying HIV-1 antiviral activity and contrasting sensitivity to Vif.

The Journal of biological chemistry

Lassen KG, Wissing S, Lobritz MA, Santiago M, Greene WC

Semen-mediated enhancement of HIV infection is donor-dependent and correlates with the levels of SEVI.

Retrovirology

Kim KA, Yolamanova M, Zirafi O, Roan NR, Staendker L, Forssmann WG, Burgener A, Dejucq-Rainsford N, Hahn BH, Shaw GM, Greene WC, Kirchhoff F, Münch J

Innate retroviral restriction by Apobec3 promotes antibody affinity maturation in vivo.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Santiago ML, Benitez RL, Montano M, Hasenkrug KJ, Greene WC

Measuring HIV fusion mediated by envelopes from primary viral isolates.

Methods (San Diego, Calif.)

Cavrois M, Neidleman J, Galloway N, Derdeyn CA, Hunter E, Greene WC

Aminoquinoline surfen inhibits the action of SEVI (semen-derived enhancer of viral infection).

The Journal of biological chemistry

Roan NR, Sowinski S, Münch J, Kirchhoff F, Greene WC

APOBEC3G: an intracellular centurion.

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences

Chiu YL, Greene WC

The challenge of finding a cure for HIV infection.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

Richman DD, Margolis DM, Delaney M, Greene WC, Hazuda D, Pomerantz RJ

Human cyclin T1 expression ameliorates a T-cell-specific transcriptional limitation for HIV in transgenic rats, but is not sufficient for a spreading infection of prototypic R5 HIV-1 strains ex vivo.

Retrovirology

Michel N, Goffinet C, Ganter K, Allespach I, Kewalramani VN, Saifuddin M, Littman DR, Greene WC, Goldsmith MA, Keppler OT

Unsung hero Robert C. Gallo.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

Abbadessa G, Accolla R, Aiuti F, Albini A, Aldovini A, Alfano M, Antonelli G, Bartholomew C, Bentwich Z, Bertazzoni U, Berzofsky JA, Biberfeld P, Boeri E, Buonaguro L, Buonaguro FM, Bukrinsky M, Burny A, Caruso A, Cassol S, Chandra P, Ceccherini-Nelli L, Chieco-Bianchi L, Clerici M, Colombini-Hatch S, de Giuli Morghen C, de Maria A, de Rossi A, Dierich M, Della-Favera R, Dolei A, Douek D, Erfle V, Felber B, Fiorentini S, Franchini G, Gershoni JM, Gotch F, Green P, Greene WC, Hall W, Haseltine W, Jacobson S, Kallings LO, Kalyanaraman VS, Katinger H, Khalili K, Klein G, Klein E, Klotman M, Klotman P, Kotler M, Kurth R, Lafeuillade A, La Placa M, Lewis J, Lillo F, Lisziewicz J, Lomonico A, Lopalco L, Lori F, Lusso P, Macchi B, Malim M, Margolis L, Markham PD, McClure M, Miller N, Mingari MC, Moretta L, Noonan D, O'Brien S, Okamoto T, Pal R, Palese P, Panet A, Pantaleo G, Pavlakis G, Pistello M, Plotkin S, Poli G, Pomerantz R, Radaelli A, Robertguroff M, Roederer M, Sarngadharan MG, Schols D, Secchiero P, Shearer G, Siccardi A, Stevenson M, Svoboda J, Tartaglia J, Torelli G, Tornesello ML, Tschachler E, Vaccarezza M, Vallbracht A, van Lunzen J, Varnier O, Vicenzi E, von Melchner H, Witz I, Zagury D, Zagury JF, Zauli G, Zipeto D

Guidelines for naming nonprimate APOBEC3 genes and proteins.

Journal of virology

LaRue RS, Andrésdóttir V, Blanchard Y, Conticello SG, Derse D, Emerman M, Greene WC, Jónsson SR, Landau NR, Löchelt M, Malik HS, Malim MH, Münk C, O'Brien SJ, Pathak VK, Strebel K, Wain-Hobson S, Yu XF, Yuhki N, Harris RS

The cationic properties of SEVI underlie its ability to enhance human immunodeficiency virus infection.

Journal of virology

Roan NR, Münch J, Arhel N, Mothes W, Neidleman J, Kobayashi A, Smith-McCune K, Kirchhoff F, Greene WC

Novel targets for HIV therapy.

Antiviral research

Greene WC, Debyser Z, Ikeda Y, Freed EO, Stephens E, Yonemoto W, Buckheit RW, Esté JA, Cihlar T

Apobec3 encodes Rfv3, a gene influencing neutralizing antibody control of retrovirus infection.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

Santiago ML, Montano M, Benitez R, Messer RJ, Yonemoto W, Chesebro B, Hasenkrug KJ, Greene WC

HIV vaccine research: the way forward.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

Fauci AS, Johnston MI, Dieffenbach CW, Burton DR, Hammer SM, Hoxie JA, Martin M, Overbaugh J, Watkins DI, Mahmoud A, Greene WC

The achilles heel of the trojan horse model of HIV-1 trans-infection.

PLoS pathogens

Cavrois M, Neidleman J, Greene WC

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat protein inhibits the SIRT1 deacetylase and induces T cell hyperactivation.

Cell host & microbe

Kwon HS, Brent MM, Getachew R, Jayakumar P, Chen LF, Schnolzer M, McBurney MW, Marmorstein R, Greene WC, Ott M

A history of AIDS: looking back to see ahead.

European journal of immunology

Greene WC

Primary T-cells from human CD4/CCR5-transgenic rats support all early steps of HIV-1 replication including integration, but display impaired viral gene expression.

Retrovirology

Goffinet C, Michel N, Allespach I, Tervo HM, Hermann V, Kräusslich HG, Greene WC, Keppler OT

Regulation of HIV-1 latency by T-cell activation.

Cytokine

Williams SA, Greene WC

The CD16+ monocyte subset is more permissive to infection and preferentially harbors HIV-1 in vivo.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Ellery PJ, Tippett E, Chiu YL, Paukovics G, Cameron PU, Solomon A, Lewin SR, Gorry PR, Jaworowski A, Greene WC, Sonza S, Crowe SM

APOBEC3G and HIV-1: strike and counterstrike.

Current HIV/AIDS reports

Soros VB, Greene WC

A plea for justice for jailed medical workers.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

Ahuja SK, Aiuti F, Berkhout B, Biberfeld P, Burton DR, Colizzi V, Deeks SG, Desrosiers RC, Dierich MP, Doms RW, Emerman M, Gallo RC, Girard M, Greene WC, Hoxie JA, Hunter E, Klein G, Korber B, Kuritzkes DR, Lederman MM, Malim MH, Marx PA, McCune JM, McMichael A, Miller C, Miller V, Montagnier L, Montefiori DC, Moore JP, Nixon DF, Overbaugh J, Pauza CD, Richman DD, Saag MS, Sattentau Q, Schooley RT, Shattock R, Shaw GM, Stevenson M, Trkola A, Wainberg MA, Weiss RA, Wolinsky S, Zack JA

High-molecular-mass APOBEC3G complexes restrict Alu retrotransposition.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Chiu YL, Witkowska HE, Hall SC, Santiago M, Soros VB, Esnault C, Heidmann T, Greene WC

NF-kappaB/Rel regulates inhibitory and excitatory neuronal function and synaptic plasticity.

Molecular and cellular biology

O'Mahony A, Raber J, Montano M, Foehr E, Han V, Lu SM, Kwon H, LeFevour A, Chakraborty-Sett S, Greene WC

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr induces DNA replication stress in vitro and in vivo.

Journal of virology

Zimmerman ES, Sherman MP, Blackett JL, Neidleman JA, Kreis C, Mundt P, Williams SA, Warmerdam M, Kahn J, Hecht FM, Grant RM, de Noronha CM, Weyrich AS, Greene WC, Planelles V

APOBEC3G and HIV-1: strike and counterstrike.

Current infectious disease reports

Soros VB, Greene WC

Interleukin-18-induced human coronary artery smooth muscle cell migration is dependent on NF-kappaB- and AP-1-mediated matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression and is inhibited by atorvastatin.

The Journal of biological chemistry

Chandrasekar B, Mummidi S, Mahimainathan L, Patel DN, Bailey SR, Imam SZ, Greene WC, Valente AJ

Human immunodeficiency virus fusion to dendritic cells declines as cells mature.

Journal of virology

Cavrois M, Neidleman J, Kreisberg JF, Fenard D, Callebaut C, Greene WC

NF-kappaB p50 promotes HIV latency through HDAC recruitment and repression of transcriptional initiation.

The EMBO journal

Williams SA, Chen LF, Kwon H, Ruiz-Jarabo CM, Verdin E, Greene WC

Nef is physically recruited into the immunological synapse and potentiates T cell activation early after TCR engagement.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Fenard D, Yonemoto W, de Noronha C, Cavrois M, Williams SA, Greene WC

NF-kappaB RelA phosphorylation regulates RelA acetylation.

Molecular and cellular biology

Chen LF, Williams SA, Mu Y, Nakano H, Duerr JM, Buckbinder L, Greene WC

Lethal cutaneous disease in transgenic mice conditionally expressing type I human T cell leukemia virus Tax.

The Journal of biological chemistry

Kwon H, Ogle L, Benitez B, Bohuslav J, Montano M, Felsher DW, Greene WC

Assessing acetylation of NF-kappaB.

Methods (San Diego, Calif.)

Chen LF, Greene WC

Host factors regulating post-integration latency of HIV.

Trends in microbiology

Williams SA, Greene WC

Protecting APOBEC3G: a potential new target for HIV drug discovery.

Current opinion in investigational drugs (London, England : 2000)

Stopak K, Greene WC

Rodent cells support key functions of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 pathogenicity factor Nef.

Journal of virology

Keppler OT, Allespach I, Schüller L, Fenard D, Greene WC, Fackler OT

HIV-1 virion fusion assay: uncoating not required and no effect of Nef on fusion.

Virology

Cavrois M, Neidleman J, Yonemoto W, Fenard D, Greene WC

The brightening future of HIV therapeutics.

Nature immunology

Greene WC

Prostratin antagonizes HIV latency by activating NF-kappaB.

The Journal of biological chemistry

Williams SA, Chen LF, Kwon H, Fenard D, Bisgrove D, Verdin E, Greene WC

Shaping the nuclear action of NF-kappaB.

Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology

Chen LF, Greene WC

Fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based HIV-1 virion fusion assay.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)

Cavrois M, Neidleman J, Bigos M, Greene WC

How resting T cells deMURR HIV infection.

Nature immunology

Greene WC

Regulation of NF-kappaB action by reversible acetylation.

Novartis Foundation symposium

Greene WC, Chen LF

Cyclophilin A interacts with HIV-1 Vpr and is required for its functional expression.

The Journal of biological chemistry

Zander K, Sherman MP, Tessmer U, Bruns K, Wray V, Prechtel AT, Schubert E, Henklein P, Luban J, Neidleman J, Greene WC, Schubert U

Nuclear export of Vpr is required for efficient replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in tissue macrophages.

Journal of virology

Sherman MP, de Noronha CM, Eckstein LA, Hataye J, Mundt P, Williams SA, Neidleman JA, Goldsmith MA, Greene WC

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef-mediated downregulation of CD4 correlates with Nef enhancement of viral pathogenesis.

Journal of virology

Stoddart CA, Geleziunas R, Ferrell S, Linquist-Stepps V, Moreno ME, Bare C, Xu W, Yonemoto W, Bresnahan PA, McCune JM, Greene WC

HIV-1 Vpr enhances viral burden by facilitating infection of tissue macrophages but not nondividing CD4+ T cells.

The Journal of experimental medicine

Eckstein DA, Sherman MP, Penn ML, Chin PS, De Noronha CM, Greene WC, Goldsmith MA

Dynamic disruptions in nuclear envelope architecture and integrity induced by HIV-1 Vpr.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

de Noronha CM, Sherman MP, Lin HW, Cavrois MV, Moir RD, Goldman RD, Greene WC

Duration of nuclear NF-kappaB action regulated by reversible acetylation.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

Fischle W, Verdin E, Greene WC

Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr.

Journal of virology

Sherman MP, de Noronha CM, Heusch MI, Greene S, Greene WC

The NF-kappa B-inducing kinase induces PC12 cell differentiation and prevents apoptosis.

The Journal of biological chemistry

Foehr ED, Bohuslav J, Chen LF, DeNoronha C, Geleziunas R, Lin X, O'Mahony A, Greene WC

NF-kappa B signaling promotes both cell survival and neurite process formation in nerve growth factor-stimulated PC12 cells.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience

Foehr ED, Lin X, O'Mahony A, Geleziunas R, Bradshaw RA, Greene WC

Functional and structural characterization of synthetic HIV-1 Vpr that transduces cells, localizes to the nucleus, and induces G2 cell cycle arrest.

The Journal of biological chemistry

Henklein P, Bruns K, Sherman MP, Tessmer U, Licha K, Kopp J, de Noronha CM, Greene WC, Wray V, Schubert U

The generation of nfkb2 p52: mechanism and efficiency.

Oncogene

Heusch M, Lin L, Geleziunas R, Greene WC

Cutting edge: SIV Nef protein utilizes both leucine- and tyrosine-based protein sorting pathways for down-regulation of CD4.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Bresnahan PA, Yonemoto W, Greene WC

Characterization of HIV-1 vpr nuclear import: analysis of signals and pathways.

The Journal of cell biology

Jenkins Y, McEntee M, Weis K, Greene WC

A dileucine motif in HIV-1 Nef acts as an internalization signal for CD4 downregulation and binds the AP-1 clathrin adaptor.

Current biology : CB

Bresnahan PA, Yonemoto W, Ferrell S, Williams-Herman D, Geleziunas R, Greene WC

Molecular determinants of NF-kappaB-inducing kinase action.

Molecular and cellular biology

Lin X, Mu Y, Cunningham ET, Marcu KB, Geleziunas R, Greene WC

Diminished spontaneous apoptosis in lymphocytes from human immunodeficiency virus-infected long-term nonprogressors.

The Journal of infectious diseases

Liegler TJ, Yonemoto W, Elbeik T, Vittinghoff E, Buchbinder SP, Greene WC

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 Tax induction of NF-kappaB involves activation of the IkappaB kinase alpha (IKKalpha) and IKKbeta cellular kinases.

Molecular and cellular biology

Geleziunas R, Ferrell S, Lin X, Mu Y, Cunningham ET, Grant M, Connelly MA, Hambor JE, Marcu KB, Greene WC

HIV Rev-dependent binding of SF2/ASF to the Rev response element: possible role in Rev-mediated inhibition of HIV RNA splicing.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Powell DM, Amaral MC, Wu JY, Maniatis T, Greene WC

Unraveling the function of HIV type 1 Nef.

AIDS research and human retroviruses

Geleziunas R, Miller MD, Greene WC

c-rel regulation of IL-2 gene expression may be mediated through activation of AP-1.

The Journal of experimental medicine

Shapiro VS, Mollenauer MN, Greene WC, Weiss A

Distinct tyrosine residues within the interleukin-2 receptor beta chain drive signal transduction specificity, redundancy, and diversity.

The Journal of biological chemistry

Gaffen SL, Lai SY, Ha M, Liu X, Hennighausen L, Greene WC, Goldsmith MA

Inhibition of HIV replication by sense and antisense rev response elements in HIV-based retroviral vectors.

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes and human retrovirology : official publication of the International Retrovirology Association

Kim JH, McLinden RJ, Mosca JD, Vahey MT, Greene WC, Redfield RR

Denying HIV safe haven.

The New England journal of medicine

Greene WC

Is the Nef protein of HIV-1 required for pathogenesis?

Trends in microbiology

Miller MD, Greene WC

The molecular role of the common gamma c subunit in signal transduction reveals functional asymmetry within multimeric cytokine receptor complexes.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Lai SY, Xu W, Gaffen SL, Liu KD, Longmore GD, Greene WC, Goldsmith MA

Interaction of HTLV-I Tax with the human proteasome: implications for NF-kappa B induction.

Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes and human retrovirology : official publication of the International Retrovirology Association

Béraud C, Greene WC

Analysis of interleukin-2-dependent signal transduction through the Shc/Grb2 adapter pathway. Interleukin-2-dependent mitogenesis does not require Shc phosphorylation or receptor association.

The Journal of biological chemistry

Evans GA, Goldsmith MA, Johnston JA, Xu W, Weiler SR, Erwin R, Howard OM, Abraham RT, O'Shea JJ, Greene WC

Predicting progression to AIDS.

Annals of internal medicine

Greene WC

Growth signal transduction by the human interleukin-2 receptor requires cytoplasmic tyrosines of the beta chain and non-tyrosine residues of the gamma c chain.

The Journal of biological chemistry

Goldsmith MA, Lai SY, Xu W, Amaral MC, Kuczek ES, Parent LJ, Mills GB, Tarr KL, Longmore GD, Greene WC

Signaling through the interleukin 2 receptor beta chain activates a STAT-5-like DNA-binding activity.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Gaffen SL, Lai SY, Xu W, Gouilleux F, Groner B, Goldsmith MA, Greene WC

Ligand binding by the IL-2 receptor is modulated by intracellular determinants of the IL-2 receptor beta-chain.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Goldsmith MA, Amaral MC, Greene WC

The HIV-1 nef gene acts as a positive viral infectivity factor.

Trends in microbiology

Miller MD, Feinberg MB, Greene WC

Autoregulation of the NF-kappa B transactivator RelA (p65) by multiple cytoplasmic inhibitors containing ankyrin motifs.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Sun SC, Ganchi PA, Béraud C, Ballard DW, Greene WC

Cross-coupling of the NF-kappa B p65 and Fos/Jun transcription factors produces potentiated biological function.

The EMBO journal

Stein B, Baldwin AS, Ballard DW, Greene WC, Angel P, Herrlich P

AIDS and the immune system.

Scientific American

Greene WC

The c-rel protooncogene product represses NF-kappa B p65-mediated transcriptional activation of the long terminal repeat of type 1 human immunodeficiency virus.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Doerre S, Sista P, Sun SC, Ballard DW, Greene WC

Neither the LCK nor the FYN kinases are obligatory for IL-2-mediated signal transduction in HTLV-I-infected human T cells.

International immunology

Mills GB, Arima N, May C, Hill M, Schmandt R, Li J, Miyamoto NG, Greene WC

Molecular insights into human immunodeficiency virus type 1 pathogenesis.

Current opinion in immunology

Feinberg MB, Greene WC

The v-rel oncogene: insights into the mechanism of transcriptional activation, repression, and transformation.

Journal of virology

Walker WH, Stein B, Ganchi PA, Hoffman JA, Kaufman PA, Ballard DW, Hannink M, Greene WC

Dominant-negative mutants are clustered in a domain of the human T-cell leukemia virus type I Rex protein: implications for trans dominance.

Journal of virology

Weichselbraun I, Berger J, Dobrovnik M, Bogerd H, Grassmann R, Greene WC, Hauber J, Böhnlein E

IL-2-induced signal transduction involves the activation of nuclear NF-kappa B expression.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Arima N, Kuziel WA, Grdina TA, Greene WC

The 65-kDa subunit of human NF-kappa B functions as a potent transcriptional activator and a target for v-Rel-mediated repression.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Ballard DW, Dixon EP, Peffer NJ, Bogerd H, Doerre S, Stein B, Greene WC

The type I human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-I) Rex trans-activator binds directly to the HTLV-I Rex and the type 1 human immunodeficiency virus Rev RNA response elements.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Bogerd HP, Huckaby GL, Ahmed YF, Hanly SM, Greene WC

A member of the set of kappa B binding proteins, HIVEN86A, is a product of the human c-rel proto-oncogene.

Oncogene

Lee JH, Li YC, Doerre S, Sista P, Ballard DW, Greene WC, Franza BR

Kappa B binding proteins are constitutively expressed in an IL-2 autocrine human T cell line.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Hémar A, Cereghini S, Cornet V, Blank V, Israël A, Greene WC, Dautry-Varsat A

The HTLV-I Rex response element mediates a novel form of mRNA polyadenylation.

Cell

Ahmed YF, Gilmartin GM, Hanly SM, Nevins JR, Greene WC

Functional analyses of the type I human T-cell leukemia virus tax gene product.

Transactions of the Association of American Physicians

Smith MR, Greene WC

Rex transregulation of human T-cell leukemia virus type II gene expression.

Journal of virology

Kim JH, Kaufman PA, Hanly SM, Rimsky LT, Greene WC

NF-kappa B: a family of inducible and differentially expressed enhancer-binding proteins in human T cells.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Molitor JA, Walker WH, Doerre S, Ballard DW, Greene WC

The v-rel oncogene encodes a kappa B enhancer binding protein that inhibits NF-kappa B function.

Cell

Ballard DW, Walker WH, Doerre S, Sista P, Molitor JA, Dixon EP, Peffer NJ, Hannink M, Greene WC

The molecular basis for the generation of the human soluble interleukin 2 receptor.

Cytokine

Rubin LA, Galli F, Greene WC, Nelson DL, Jay G

Interleukin-2 and the IL-2 receptor: new insights into structure and function.

The Journal of investigative dermatology

Kuziel WA, Greene WC

Interleukin 2-induced tyrosine phosphorylation. Interleukin 2 receptor beta is tyrosine phosphorylated.

The Journal of biological chemistry

Mills GB, May C, McGill M, Fung M, Baker M, Sutherland R, Greene WC

Regulation of HIV-1 gene expression.

Annual review of immunology

Greene WC

A second sequence element located 3' to the NF-kappa B-binding site regulates IL-2 receptor-alpha gene induction.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Pomerantz JL, Mauxion F, Yoshida M, Greene WC, Sen R

Nef protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: evidence against its role as a transcriptional inhibitor.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Hammes SR, Dixon EP, Malim MH, Cullen BR, Greene WC

Activation of the interleukin-2 receptor alpha gene: regulatory role for DNA-protein interactions flanking the kappa B enhancer.

The New biologist

Ballard DW, Böhnlein E, Hoffman JA, Bogerd HP, Dixon EP, Franza BR, Greene WC

Comparative analysis of the HTLV-I Rex and HIV-1 Rev trans-regulatory proteins and their RNA response elements.

Genes & development

Hanly SM, Rimsky LT, Malim MH, Kim JH, Hauber J, Duc Dodon M, Le SY, Maizel JV, Cullen BR, Greene WC

Induction of interleukin-2 receptor-alpha gene expression is regulated by post-translational activation of kappa B specific DNA binding proteins.

The Journal of biological chemistry

Böhnlein E, Ballard DW, Bogerd H, Peffer NJ, Lowenthal JW, Greene WC

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha activation of the IL-2 receptor-alpha gene involves the induction of kappa B-specific DNA binding proteins.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Lowenthal JW, Ballard DW, Bogerd H, Böhnlein E, Greene WC

Kappa B-specific DNA binding proteins: role in the regulation of human interleukin-2 gene expression.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

Hoyos B, Ballard DW, Böhnlein E, Siekevitz M, Greene WC

Stimulation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 enhancer by the human T-cell leukemia virus type I tax gene product involves the action of inducible cellular proteins.

Journal of virology

Böhnlein E, Siekevitz M, Ballard DW, Lowenthal JW, Rimsky L, Bogérd H, Hoffman J, Wano Y, Franza BR, Greene WC

HIV-1, HTLV-I and the interleukin-2 receptor: insights into transcriptional control.

Haematology and blood transfusion

Böhnlein E, Lowenthal JW, Wano Y, Franza BR, Ballard DW, Greene WC

Stable expression of the tax gene of type I human T-cell leukemia virus in human T cells activates specific cellular genes involved in growth.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Wano Y, Feinberg M, Hosking JB, Bogerd H, Greene WC

Functional replacement of the HIV-1 rev protein by the HTLV-1 rex protein.

Nature

Rimsky L, Hauber J, Dukovich M, Malim MH, Langlois A, Cullen BR, Greene WC

Identification of specific residues of human interleukin 2 that affect binding to the 70-kDa subunit (p70) of the interleukin 2 receptor.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Collins L, Tsien WH, Seals C, Hakimi J, Weber D, Bailon P, Hoskings J, Greene WC, Toome V, Ju G

HTLV-I tax induces cellular proteins that activate the kappa B element in the IL-2 receptor alpha gene.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

Ballard DW, Böhnlein E, Lowenthal JW, Wano Y, Franza BR, Greene WC

p55 IL-2 receptor mRNA precursors in murine T lymphocyte nuclei.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Froussard P, Chastagner P, Sommé G, Abadie A, Greene W, Thèze J, Longacre S

Sequence requirements for ligand binding and cell surface expression of the Tac antigen, a human interleukin-2 receptor.

The Journal of biological chemistry

Cullen BR, Podlaski FJ, Peffer NJ, Hosking JB, Greene WC

Sarcoidosis and interleukin-2 receptors.

The American review of respiratory disease

Greene WC

In: Smith KA (Ed.), Interleukin 2

New perspectives on the structure of the human high affinity i nterleukin-2 receptor

Wano Y, Dukovich M, Kehrl JH, Greene WC

New insights into the structure of high-affinity interleukin-2 receptors.

Recent progress in hormone research

Greene WC, Wano YJ, Dukovich M

Novel interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptor appears to mediate IL-2-induced activation of natural killer cells.

The Journal of clinical investigation

Kehrl JH, Dukovich M, Whalen G, Katz P, Fauci AS, Greene WC

The human interleukin-2 receptor. Recent studies of structure and regulation.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

Greene WC, Böhnlein E, Siekevitz M, Franza BR, Lowenthal J

Activation of the HIV-1 LTR by T cell mitogens and the trans-activator protein of HTLV-I.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

Siekevitz M, Josephs SF, Dukovich M, Peffer N, Wong-Staal F, Greene WC

Reconstitution of a functional interleukin 2 receptor in a nonlymphoid cell.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Rubin LA, Hoekzema GS, Nelson DL, Greene WC, Jay G

Direct activation of human resting T cells by IL 2: the role of an IL 2 receptor distinct from the Tac protein.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Bich-Thuy LT, Dukovich M, Peffer NJ, Fauci AS, Kehrl JH, Greene WC

Interleukin 1 gene expression in adult T cell leukemia.

The Journal of clinical investigation

Wano Y, Hattori T, Matsuoka M, Takatsuki K, Chua AO, Gubler U, Greene WC

Activation of interleukin 2 and interleukin 2 receptor (Tac) promoter expression by the trans-activator (tat) gene product of human T-cell leukemia virus, type I.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Siekevitz M, Feinberg MB, Holbrook N, Wong-Staal F, Greene WC

Expression of functional IL 2 receptors by lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma stimulated human monocytes.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Holter W, Goldman CK, Casabo L, Nelson DL, Greene WC, Waldmann TA

High-affinity interleukin 2 binding by an oncogenic hybrid interleukin 2-epidermal growth factor receptor molecule.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Bernard O, Fazekas de St Groth B, Ullrich A, Green W, Schlessinger J

Interleukin 2 binding molecule distinct from the Tac protein: analysis of its role in formation of high-affinity receptors.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Robb RJ, Rusk CM, Yodoi J, Greene WC

Reconstitution of high affinity IL-2 receptor expression in a human T-cell line using a retroviral cDNA expression vector.

Molecular biology & medicine

Wano Y, Cullen BR, Svetlik PA, Peffer NJ, Greene WC

Trans-activator gene of HTLV-II: interpretation.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

Greene WC, Leonard WJ, Wano Y, Svetlik PB, Peffer NJ, Sodroski JG, Rosen CA, Goh WC, Haseltine WA

Human interleukin 2 receptor (Tac antigen).

Methods in enzymology

Greene WC, Leonard WJ

In: Pruzanki W, Seligmann M (Eds.), Clinical Immunology

The transactivator (tat) gene of HTLV-II induces the expression of cellular genes involved in T cell growth

Greene WC, Leonard WJ, Wano Y, Sodroski JG, Rosen CA, Haseltine WA

In: Webb DR, Pierce CW, Cohen S (Eds.), Proceedings of the Fifth International Lymphokine Workshop

The human high affinity for interleukin-2 receptor

Greene WC, Dukovich M, Wano Y, Kehrl JH, Robb RJ

Int. J. Immunother. III

Expression of interleukin-2 receptors in normal and neoplastic T cells

Greene WC

Proceedings of the AACR 1987

IL-2, IL-2 receptors and human retroviruses

Greene WC

Expression of human interleukin-2 receptor cDNA in E. coli.

Biochemical and biophysical research communications

Chanda PK, Chen GF, Baine Y, Leonard WJ, Greene WC, Chang TW, Chang NT

Diltiazem inhibits transferrin receptor expression and causes G1 arrest in normal and neoplastic T cells.

Molecular and cellular biology

Neckers LM, Bauer S, McGlennen RC, Trepel JB, Rao K, Greene WC

The human interleukin-2 receptor: analysis of structure and function.

Immunological reviews

Greene WC, Depper JM, Krönke M, Leonard WJ

A secreted form of the human interleukin 2 receptor encoded by an "anchor minus" cDNA.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Treiger BF, Leonard WJ, Svetlik P, Rubin LA, Nelson DL, Greene WC

Trans-activator gene of HTLV-II induces IL-2 receptor and IL-2 cellular gene expression.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

Greene WC, Leonard WJ, Wano Y, Svetlik PB, Peffer NJ, Sodroski JG, Rosen CA, Goh WC, Haseltine WA

Only high-affinity receptors for interleukin 2 mediate internalization of ligand.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Weissman AM, Harford JB, Svetlik PB, Leonard WL, Depper JM, Waldmann TA, Greene WC, Klausner RD

In: Marget M, Lang W, Gabler-Sandberger E (Eds.), Proceedings of the IXth International Congress of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases

The transactivator (tat) gene of HTLV-II activates IL-2 receptor, IL-2, and class II major histocompatibility complex cellular gene expression

Greene WC, Leonard WJ, Wano Y, Sodroski JG, Rosen CA, Haseltine WA

In: Pincus S, Pisetsky D, Rosenwasser L (Eds.), Biologically based immunomodulators in the therapy of rheumatic diseases

The human receptor for interleukin-2: characterization, controversies, and expression in rheumatic diseases

Depper JM, Leonard WJ, Greene WC

The human interleukin-2 receptor.

Annual review of immunology

Greene WC, Leonard WJ

The human interleukin-2 receptor: role in normal T-cell growth and association with HTLV-I-induced T-cell leukemia.

Cold Spring Harbor symposia on quantitative biology

Greene WC, Depper JM, Krönke M, Leonard WJ

Structure of the human interleukin-2 receptor gene.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

Leonard WJ, Depper JM, Kanehisa M, Krönke M, Peffer NJ, Svetlik PB, Sullivan M, Greene WC

Interleukin 2 receptor (Tac antigen) expression in HTLV-I-associated adult T-cell leukemia.

Cancer research

Waldmann TA, Longo DL, Leonard WJ, Depper JM, Thompson CB, Krönke M, Goldman CK, Sharrow S, Bongiovanni K, Greene WC

Interleukin 2 receptor gene expression in normal human T lymphocytes.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Leonard WJ, Krönke M, Peffer NJ, Depper JM, Greene WC

Isolation and expression of complementary DNAs encoding the human interleukin 2 receptor.

Cancer research

Greene WC, Depper JM, Crabtree GR, Rudikoff S, Pumphrey J, Robb RJ, Krönke M, Svetlik P, Peffer NJ, Waldmann TA

Stable expression of cDNA encoding the human interleukin 2 receptor in eukaryotic cells.

The Journal of experimental medicine

Greene WC, Robb RJ, Svetlik PB, Rusk CM, Depper JM, Leonard WJ

Localization of the gene encoding the human interleukin-2 receptor on chromosome 10.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

Leonard WJ, Donlon TA, Lebo RV, Greene WC

Deregulation of interleukin-2 receptor gene expression in HTLV-I-induced adult T-cell leukemia.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

Krönke M, Leonard WJ, Depper JM, Greene WC

Adult T cell leukemia: a potential target for ricin A chain immunotoxins.

Blood

Krönke M, Depper JM, Leonard WJ, Vitetta ES, Waldmann TA, Greene WC

Interleukin 2 (IL-2) augments transcription of the IL-2 receptor gene.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Depper JM, Leonard WJ, Drogula C, Krönke M, Waldmann TA, Greene WC

Nucleotide sequence and expression of a mouse interleukin 2 receptor cDNA.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Miller J, Malek TR, Leonard WJ, Greene WC, Shevach EM, Germain RN

Sequential expression of genes involved in human T lymphocyte growth and differentiation.

The Journal of experimental medicine

Krönke M, Leonard WJ, Depper JM, Greene WC

Activators of protein kinase C and 5-azacytidine induce IL-2 receptor expression on human T lymphocytes.

Journal of cellular biochemistry

Depper JM, Leonard WJ, Drogula CL, Krönke M, Waldmann TA, Greene WC

Effect of wheat germ agglutinin on the interleukin pathway of human T lymphocyte activation.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Reed JC, Robb RJ, Greene WC, Nowell PC

In: Cancer Cells 3: Growth factors and transformation

Structure, function, and expression of the receptor for interleukin-2 on normal and malignant lymphocytes

Waldmann TA, Leonard WJ, Depper JM, Kronke M, Kozak R, Greene WC

In: Feldman M (Ed.), Human T cell clones: An approach to immune regulation

Interleukin-2 receptors

Waldmann TA, Leonard WJ, Depper JM, Kronke M, Goldman CK, Bongiovani KF, Greene WC.

In: Feldmann M, Mitchison NA (Eds.), Immune Regulation

Molecular cloning and expression of cDNAs encoding the human interleukin-2 receptor

Leonard WJ, Depper JM, Crabtee GM, Rudikoff S, Pumphrey J, Robb RJ, Kronke M, Svetlik P, Peffer NJ, Waldmann TA, Greene WC

In: Pattengale PK, Lukes RJ, Taylor CR (Eds.), Lymphoproliferative Diseases: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Therapy

Molecular analysis of the human interleukin-2 receptor

Greene WC, Depper JM, Crabtree GR, Rudikoff S, Pumphrey J, Robb RJ, Kronke M, Svetlik P, Peffer NJ, Waldmann TA, Leonard WJ

In: Pinchera A, Doria G, Dammacco F, Bargellesi A (Eds.), Monoclonal Antibodies 1984: Biological and Clinical Applications

Interleukin-2 receptors on lymphocytes

Waldmann TA, Leonard WJ, Depper JM, Kronke M, Goldman CK, Sharrow S, Greene WC

In: Sorg C, Schimple A (Eds.), Cellular and molecular biology of lymphokines

Cyclosporin A inhibits expression of select T-cell activation genes

Kronke M, Depper JM, Leonard WJ, Wong-Staal F, Gallo RC, Waldmann TA, Greene WC

In: Sorg C, Schimple A (Eds.), Cellular and molecular biology of lymphokines

Cloning of cDNAs for the human interleukin-2 receptor and determination of its complete protein sequence

Leonard WJ, Depper JM, Crabtree GR, Rudikoff S, Pumphrey J, Robb RJ, Kronke M, Svetlik P, Peffer NJ, Waldmann TA, Greene WC

In: Sorg P, Schimple A (Eds.), Cellular and molecular biology of lymphokines

The role of protein kinase C, and effects of 5-azacytidine on regulation on interleukin-2 receptor expression

Depper JM, Leonard WJ, Kronke M, Waldmann TA, Greene WC

Molecular cloning of cDNA for the human interleukin-2 receptor.

Haematology and blood transfusion

Greene WC, Depper JM, Crabtree GR, Rudikoff S, Pumphrey J, Robb RJ, Krönke M, Svetlik P, Peffer NJ, Waldmann TA

The human interleukin-2 receptor.

Journal of cell science. Supplement

Greene WC, Depper JM, Krönke M, Leonard WJ

Regulation of interleukin 2 receptor expression: effects of phorbol diester, phospholipase C, and reexposure to lectin or antigen.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Depper JM, Leonard WJ, Krönke M, Noguchi PD, Cunningham RE, Waldmann TA, Greene WC

Expression of interleukin 2 receptors on activated human B cells.

The Journal of experimental medicine

Waldmann TA, Goldman CK, Robb RJ, Depper JM, Leonard WJ, Sharrow SO, Bongiovanni KF, Korsmeyer SJ, Greene WC

Augmented T cell growth factor receptor expression in HTLV-1-infected human leukemic T cells.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Depper JM, Leonard WJ, Krönke M, Waldmann TA, Greene WC

Molecular cloning and expression of cDNAs for the human interleukin-2 receptor.

Nature

Leonard WJ, Depper JM, Crabtree GR, Rudikoff S, Pumphrey J, Robb RJ, Krönke M, Svetlik PB, Peffer NJ, Waldmann TA

Cyclosporin A inhibits T-cell growth factor gene expression at the level of mRNA transcription.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Krönke M, Leonard WJ, Depper JM, Arya SK, Wong-Staal F, Gallo RC, Waldmann TA, Greene WC

Phorbol diester induces expression of Tac antigen on human acute T lymphocytic leukemic cells.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Greene WC, Robb RJ, Depper JM, Leonard WJ, Drogula C, Svetlik PB, Wong-Staal F, Gallo RC, Waldmann TA

Expression of receptors for interleukin 2: Role in the commitment of T lymphocytes to proliferate.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Lipkowitz S, Greene WC, Rubin AL, Novogrodsky A, Stenzel KH

In: Greaves M (Ed.), Receptors and Recognition

A monoclonal antibody to the human receptor for T cell growth factor

Leonard WJ, Depper JM, Waldmann TA, Greene WC

In: Pick E (Ed.), Lymphokines

A monoclonal antibody which recognizes the human receptor for T cell growth factor: Functional effects and use as a probe to investigate receptor regulation

Depper JM, Leonard WJ, Waldmann TA, Greene WC

In: Sasazuki T (Ed.), Immunogenetics: Its application to clinical medicine

Cell-cell interactions in the human immune response: Analysis of leukemic T calls with immunoregulatory functions

Waldmann TA, Broder S, Greene WC

Interleukin-2 receptor expression in retrovirus associated adult T-cell leukemia.

Princess Takamatsu symposia

Waldmann TA, Leonard WJ, Depper JM, Krönke M, Goldman CK, Oh T, Greene WC

Interleukin-2 receptors on activated malignant and normal B-cells.

Current topics in microbiology and immunology

Waldmann TA, Goldman CK, Leonard WJ, Depper JM, Robb RJ, Korsmeyer SJ, Greene WC

Monoclonal lupus autoantibody secretion by human-human hybridomas. Selection of hybrids by conventional and novel techniques.

The Journal of clinical investigation

Littman BH, Muchmore AV, Steinberg AD, Greene WC

Characterization of the human receptor for T-cell growth factor.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Leonard WJ, Depper JM, Robb RJ, Waldmann TA, Greene WC

Blockade of the interleukin-2 receptor by anti-Tac antibody: inhibition of human lymphocyte activation.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Depper JM, Leonard WJ, Robb RJ, Waldmann TA, Greene WC

Rearrangement and expression of immunoglobulin genes and expression of Tac antigen in hairy cell leukemia.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Korsmeyer SJ, Greene WC, Cossman J, Hsu SM, Jensen JP, Neckers LM, Marshall SL, Bakhshi A, Depper JM, Leonard WJ, Jaffe ES, Waldmann TA

Evidence for an interleukin-independent pathway for human lymphocyte activation.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Koretzky GA, Daniele RP, Greene WC, Nowell PC

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils express the common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen.

The Journal of experimental medicine

Cossman J, Neckers LM, Leonard WJ, Greene WC

Construction of human suppressor T cell hybridomas.

Lymphokine research

Greene WC, Depper JM, Leonard WJ, Fleisher TA, Waldmann TA

In: Golde DW, Marks PA (Eds.), Normal and Neoplastic Hematopoiesis, UCLA Symposia on Molecular and Cellular Biology

Hairy cell leukemia: A malignant expansion of B cells that express Tac antigen

Greene WC, Cossman J, Leonard WJ, Bakshi A, Waldmann TA, Korsmeyer SJ

The role of cell surface lectin--carbohydrate interactions in cellular recognition, cooperation, and regulation.

The American journal of pediatric hematology/oncology

Blaese RM, Tosato G, Greene WC, Fleisher TA, Muchmore AV

Production of human suppressor T cell hybridomas.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Greene WC, Fleisher TA, Nelson DL, Waldmann TA

Interferon-mediated inhibition of human polyclonal immunoglobulin synthesis.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Fleisher TA, Attallah AM, Tosato G, Blaese RM, Greene WC

In: Oppenheim JJ, Cohen S (Eds.), Interleukins, lymphokines, and cytokines

Monoclonal anti-Tac blocks the action of human interleukin-2

Depper JM, Leonard WJ, Smith KA, Waldmann TA, Greene WC

Characterization of a soluble suppressor of human B cell immunoglobulin biosynthesis produced by a continuous human suppressor T cell line.

The Journal of experimental medicine

Fleisher TA, Greene WC, Uchiyama T, Goldman CK, Nelson DL, Blaese RM, Waldmann TA

Inhibition of human lymphocyte proliferation by the nonmitogenic lectin wheat germ agglutinin.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Greene WC, Waldmann TA

In: Cramer H, Schultz J (Eds.), Mechanism of Action

Cyclic nucleotides in the immune response

Parker CW, Greene WC

Cytochalasin binding in lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

Experimental cell research

Parker CW, Greene WC, MacDonald HH

Cytochalasin sensitive structures and lymphocyte activation.

Experimental cell research

Greene WC, Parker CM, Parker CW

Colchicine-sensitive structures and lymphocyte activation.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Greene WC, Parker CM, Parker CW

Calcium and lymphocyte activation.

Cellular immunology

Greene WC, Parker CM, Parker CW

Studies on the stimulation of cAMP metabolism in human lymphocytes by latex polymers.

Experimental cell research

Atkinson JP, Greene WC, McNearney TA, Parker CW

In: Eijsvoogel W, Roos D, Zeijlemaker WP (Eds.), Leukocyte membrane determinants regulating immune reactivity

Calcium ionophore A23187 and lymphocyte activation

Greene WC, Wedner HJ, Parker CW

Concanavalin A-induced histamine release from normal rat mast cells.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Sullivan TJ, Greene WC, Parker CW